Oven burner lighter



Aug. 7 1945. E. F. DUPUIS OVEN BURNEP; LIGHTER- File d Jan. 25, 1941- IF a fizverzrr fizz in I u,

Patented Aug. 7, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OVEN BURNER tren'rnn Ervin F. Dupuis, Detroit,- Mich., asslgnor to Borg-Warner Corporation, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Illinois ApplicationJanuary 25, 1941, Serial No. 375,885

512mm. (01. 15s 115) The present invention relates to burner lighterassemblies and particularly to an improvement having special applicationto heavy gas oven iumers. I

A special problem of lighting has been found to exist in heavy gasburners of the type wherein the flame is fed by a plurality of generallydOWIl-r wardly directed orifices or heavy gas discharge ports. The heavygas appears to gather in stagnant pockets preventing the necessarymixing of air therewith for ready and eflicient combustion.

As a'solution to this problem I have found that by providing thenecessary means for effecting the proper mixing of a small supply ofthis gas of gas therefrom and effecting the requisite movement of thesame into mixing contact with the necessary airto constitute a readilycombustible charge responsive to a small igniting flame such as a match.I Y

It is a more detailed object to provide a new and eflicient arrangementof means for accomplishing the above result which means is simple inoperation and inexpensive to manufacture.

Other more particular objects, advantages and uses of my invention willbecome more apparent from a reading of the following specification takenin connection with the appended drawing forming a part thereof andwherein:

Fig. 1 is an assembly view-of a preferred form of my invention showingthe burner turned over on its back 180 from the normal position occupiedthereby for the purpose of clarity in description;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged broken away plan view showing to advantage theburner and lighter in assembled relation;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section view taken substantially on the line 3- 3of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section view of one premg stack;

ferred embodiment of the auxiliary stack or accelerator structure; 1

Fig. 5 is a broken away section view corresponding to Fig. 3 but showingthe auxiliary stack or accelerator cast as an integral part of theburner;

Fig. 6 is a section view corresponding to Fig. 4

but showing a slightly modified form of accelerat- Fig. '7 shows amodified form of flame travel producing construction embodied in theauxiliary stack or accelerator.. i

Referring in greater detail to the figures of the drawing, there i shownin Fig. 1 a heavy gas with air and further effectin the movement 15burner and lighter assembly therefor. For the thereof upwardly through aprimary stack or purpose of clarity in description the assembly chimneythat the same responds'quickly and efflhas been turned over on its backthrough .ciently to a. small lighting flame such as that from theposition that the same will normally provided by a match applied at theupper teroccupy when installed in an oven. The burner minal of saidprimary stack the heat of which '20 proper is indicated generally at l0and is formed is effective to create a pressure diflerential. This witha plurality of heavy gas discharge ports ll small mixture charge of airand gas upon being for feeding the burner flame, these discharge lightedsupports the necessary, initiating flame ports being directed generallydownwardly when which travels. downwardly through the primary the burneris in its normal position. For the stack in turn igniting the gasdischarging through 23 purpose of solving the lighting problem found tothe adjacent downwardly directed discharge port exist where-heavy gasesare employed such for thus effecting the lighting of the entire burner.example as those known as liquid petroleum gases It is therefore anobject of the present invenand including propane, butane, and others, Ition to provide means in combination with a have provided a specialarrangement of means heavy gas burner for picking up a small supply 30indicated generally at l2.

Referring particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, a preferred embodiment of myassembly 12 includes generally an upwardly extending primary stack I5eflective'upon the application of a flame t0 the upper terminal thereofto produce a draft; stack l5 has an inlet port l6 at the lower endthereof, and an upper openterminai indicated at l I. The inlet port l6is disposed in closely ad-- jacent but spaced relation to the sideperiphery of the burner inthe general varea 01 at least one of thedownwardly directed heavy gas discharge ports ll, while the upper openend of the stack- I1 is located at an elevation above the burner. Theresult of this arrangement is to produce a draft passing up throughstack l5 upon this application of a flame at stack terminal l1.

Tl llS air in passing through the space between the burner and the stackand into inlet port I5 mixes with the otherwise stagnant heavy gas inthis area thus producing a combustible mixture andlifting thesarne upalong the inside of the stack l5 to outletl'l. The flame travels downthe stack vor chimney IS with the result that the heavy gas dischargingfrom downwardly directed ports II is thus ignited. A port [8 is formedin ber 33. The opposite end of nipple 3i attached to the burner III inany appropriate manner as for example through the medium of and furtherthat the accelerator 30 is formed with downward flame travel providingmeans therein. In Figs. 2, 3 and 4 this flame travel radially extendingprotuberance 19 and attachv ing screw 20 and oppositely extendingprotuberance 2| may function to support the forward side of the entireassembly in the oven or burner compartment (not shown).

I have found that the operation and eifectiveness of this type oflighter are very much improved by the provision in combination with theabove described primary stack of a, novel and improved arrangement 30for effecting the removal of heavy lighting gas from th burner erterminal l6 of the primary stack IS. The arrangement 30 illustrated inFigs. 1 to 4 comprises generally a horizontally extending tubumlar'nipple 3| arranged to be mounted in an opening 32 formed in the wallof the burner l0 and communicating at the inner end with the heavy gassupply within annular burner chammerges with a, generally verticallyextending crosspassage 34 defining an auxiliary stack or chimney open atboth the top and the bottom thereof. This arrangement 30 functions towithdraw a small supply of the heavy gases from chamber 33 throughnipple 3| and to mix the same with the rapidly moving small stream ofair being passed up through auxiliary stack 34 at the time a flame isapplied at I! to thus create a differenc of pressure and to deliver thesame well within the influence of the vertically moving air streampassing into inlet port It of primary stack i5. As a matter of fact,some small portion of the heavy gas passing from annular cha nber 33through the horizontal conduit of nipple 3| may drop down through theauxiliary stack and out the lower terminal portion 34 thereof, and inaddition some small portion may also pass out through the forwardperforation or slit.35 in the vertical wall of the auxiliary stack 30.This is not enough, however, to prevent the proper functioning ofauxiliary stack 30 for the purpose intended. The above describedlimited. portion of the gas not immediately elevated by the draftpassing up through'auxiliary st'ack- 3|) may subsequently be picked upby passing into the low er inlet terminal portion 16 of primary stack I!or some of this gas may remain to be burned in the flashback of theflame subsequent "to igniting the mixture by the application of a lightt the upper terminal portion I! of prima tack l5. That portion of thegas re-' maining immediately in the area of the slit 35 will beburned'to deflne a flame path leading from the upper portion, oftheauxiliary stack stack inflame communication with the gas beingdischarged from downwardly directed discharge ports A'ny tendency thatmight otherwise exist for the heavy gas to form relatively dormantorstagnant areas in-or about in-' let port I6 is thus broken upby thearrangement 30.

means comprises a coaxial slit in the sidewall of stack passage 34. Thisslit 35 functions to allow the downwardly traveling flame to pass downthe accelerator 30 across the lower end thereof and thus ignite theheavy gas discharging from the associated burner discharge port Turningto Fig. 5, a somewhat modified arrangement is disclosed differing fromthe showing of Fig. 3 in that the accelerator assembly 30' is formed asan integral part of the burner assembly rather than as a separateelement added thereto. The form of my invention shown in Fig. 5 isparticularly adaptableto the manufacture of original equipment, whilethat of Fig. 3 is particularly suitable where my improved accelerator isto be incorporated in the conventional form of burner alreadymanufactured and on the market.

In Fig. 6 there is shown a modified form of auxiliary accelerating stackor chimney 33' the same being in the nature of a venturi for the theacceleratports' 35'. i

From the above it will be made to appear that the success in theoperation of the present burner and lighter assembly is explained on thebasis of the upward acceleration of the mixed heavy. gas and air to thelighting point i1 and the proper mixtur of air for carrying the flameback downwardly to the burning port of the burner from which the mainsupply of heavy gases is being discharged.v

While my invention has a broader application,

' I nevertheless note that particularly. gratifying 30 therearound to apoint'below the auxiliary results on a wide scale numbering in the thou-.sands of successful commercial installations. are

now in use in oven burner assemblies. The confined, somewhatinaccessible space, and limited air circulation withi a range ovenappears-to lend very outstandin -s igniflcance to the successful mannerin which my invention functions in connection therewith. a

While I have disclosed my invention in connection with certain specificembodiments thereof, it is to be understood that these are by way ofexample rather than limitation and'that the scope of my invention is tobe defined by the appended claims.

I claim: 1. In a heavy gas burner and lighter assembly thereforincluding means defining a burner housing formed with a generallyannular heavy gas receiving chamber, the lower peripheral wall of saidhousing being formed with generally downwardly extending gas-dischargeports for feeding and directing heavy gas downwardly to a flametherebelowwhen ignited, said lighter. assembly comprising means readilyaccessible from above said burner housing for accomplishing the lightingof the gas discharged from said ports therebelow, said means comprisingmeans forming a first primary stack including a generally verticallyextending bore having a funnellike open mouth portion disposed adjacentthe side peripheral wall of said burner housing adja'cent saidgasdischarge ports but spaced there-.

i from sufliciently to permit of the air thercbelow as well as the gasbeing drawninto said stack, said vertically extending bore terminatingin an upper open end readily accessible for exposure to a lightingflame, the combination therewith of additional means for directing gasfrom said a n c amber, mixing the same with air, and delivering theresultant mixture to said funnelshaped primary stack inlet, said meansincluding a generally vertically extending bore defining a secondarystack, a generally horizontal conduit placing said chamber incommunication with said secondary stack intermediate the ends thereof,said vertically extending secondary stack being arranged with the upperterminal portion thereof in the area of said funnel-like open mouthportion of said primary stack, and means defining a perforation in saidsecondary stack forming a flame travel path for conveying a flame fromthe upper portion of said secondary stack to the lower portion thereofand hence into position where the same becomes effective to light thegas being discharged from said downwardly directed gas ports in saidburner.

2. The combination of a, heavy gas oven burner and lighter thereforcomprising means defining a burner housing formed with a generallyannular heavy gas receiving chamber having a series of downwardlydirected gas discharge orifices in the wall of said chamber for feedinggas downwardly to a flame therebelow when ignited means defining alighter assembly for said burner including a primary generallyvertically extending tubular stack having an open upper terminal portionlocated at an elevation above the elevation of said burner housing, saidprimary stack having a generally funnel-shaped lower terminal inlet portdisposed closely adjacent to, but spaced from a peripheral side wallportion of said gas chamber to thus allow a free draft of air to passupwardly into said primary stack inlet port and out of said upper openterminal portion thereof when a lighting flame is introduced at saidupper terminal portion thus creating a pressure differential, meanseffective to direct gas from said gas chamber and discharge the sam intothe air in the area within said primary stack inlet port to be conveyedupwardly by said air moving through said primary stack upon saidintroduction of a lighting flame, said means including a generallyhorizontally extending hollow nipple sealably received in acomplementary opening formed in the side wall of said gas chamber, agenerally vertically extending secondary draft, producing auxilarychimney or stack intersected by said nipple intermediate the terminalsof said auxiliary stack and including a wall formed with a verticallyextending slit therein constituting a flame travel path, said secondarystack having a cross-sectional area and a height each of which is only asmall fraction of the corresponding dimensions of said primary stack.

3. The combination of a heavy gas oven burner and lighter thereforcomprising means define ing a burner housing formed with a generallyannular heavy gas receiving chamber having a series of downwardlydirected gas discharge orifices in the wall of said chamber for feedinggas downwardly to a flame therebelow when ignited, means defining alighter assembly for said burner including a primary generallyvertically extending tubular stack having an open terminal portionlocated at an elevation above the elevation of said burner housing, saidprimary stack having a generally funnel-shaped lower terminal inlet portdisposed closely adjacent to, but spaced from a peripheral side wallportion of said gas chamber to thus allow a free draft of air to passupwardly into said primary stack inlet port and to said upper openterminal portion thereof when a lighting flame is introduced at thedischarge outlet of said primary stack to thus create a pressuredifferential, means effective to direct gas delivery from said gaschamber and discharge the same into the air in the area within saidprimary stack inlet port to be conveyed upwardly by said air movingthrough said primary stack, said means including a generallyhorizontally extending nipple portion adapted to fit tightly in acomplementary opening formed in the wall of said gas chamber at anelevation above the elevation of said downwardly directed discharge jetsand a generally vertically extending intersecting secondary stack, saidstack being further particularly characterized by the formation thereinof at least one radially extending orifice at a position generallyopposed to the position of intersection of said nipple portion with saidstack, said orifice functioning as a flame travel path.

4. In an arrangement of oven burner and lighter therefor adapted toignite and burn heavy gas, said arrangement including means defining aburner housing formed with a generally annular heavy gas receivingchamber having a series of downwardly directed gas discharge orifices inthe wall thereof for feeding gas downwardly to a flame therebelow whenignited, means defining a lighter assembly for said burner including aprimary generally vertically extending tubular stack having an openupper terminal portion located at an elevation above th elevation ofsaid burner housing and to which a light may be readily applied forcreating a difierence in pressure, effecting ignition and a draftthrough said stack, said primary stack having a generally funnel-shapedinlet port in the lower terminal thereof disposed closely adjacent to,but spaced from the side wall of said gas chamber to thus allow a freedraft of air to pass upwardly into said funnel-shaped inlet port of saidprimary stack and out of said upper open terminal portion thereof uponsaid ignition, additional means effective to direct gas flow from saidgas chamber and cause the discharge thereof into the air in the areawithin said funnel-shaped inlet port of said primary stack at anelevation above the elevation of said downwardly directed gas dischargeorifices to be conveyed upwardly by said air moving through said primarystack, said last named means including generally horizontally extendingconduit communicating at the inner terminal thereof with the interior ofsaid annular gas chamber at a level above that of said downwardlydirected discharge jets and a generally vertically extending secondarystack including a wall formed with an opening theret h constituting adownward flame travel path. said secondary stack having across-sectional area and a height, each of which is only a smallfraction of the corresponding dimensions of said primary stack, saidgenerally horizontally extending conduit communicating at the outerterminal portion thereof with the interior of said vertical secondarystack.

5. In a heavy gas burner and lighter assembly therefor including meansdefining a burner housing formed with a generally annular heavy gasreceiving chamber, the lower peripheral wall of said housing beingformed with generally downwardly extending gas discharge ports forfeeding and directing the heavy gas downwardly to a flame therebelowwhen ignited, said lighter assembly comprising means readily accessiblefrom above said burner housing for accomplishing the lighting of the gasdischarged from said ports therebelow, said means comprising meansforminga first primary stack including a generally vertically extendingbore having a funnellike open mouth portion disposed adjacent the shapedprimary stack inlet, said means comprising a plug-like member formedwith a generally vertically extending bore defining a secondary stack, ahollow horizontal stem portion mounted in a complementary opening in theside wall of said gas chamber, said stem placing said chamber incommunication with said secondary stack intermediate the ends thereof,said vertically extending secondary stack being arranged with'the upperterminal portion thereof in the the open funnel inlet portion of saidprimary stack, and a narrow vertically extending slit in the wall ofsaid secondary stack defining a flame travel path for conveying a flamefrom the upper portion of said secondary stack to the lower portionthereof and hence into a position where the same becomes effective tolight the gas being discharged from said downwardly directed gas portsin said burner.

ERVIN F. DUPUIS.

